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Medicina (B.Aires) ; 78(6): 403-409, Dec. 2018. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-976138

ABSTRACT

La ventilación mecánica domiciliaria representa un estándar de cuidados en la insuficiencia de la bomba ventilatoria. El modelo de seguimiento podría modificar la tasa de internaciones. Con la finalidad de estudiar las internaciones en pacientes con ventilación mecánica domiciliaria se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, sobre una base de datos de recolección sistemática. Participaron pacientes con ventilación no invasiva o asistencia respiratoria mecánica invasiva incluidos en forma consecutiva en un programa de hospital de día entre julio 2014 y diciembre 2016. Se analizaron internaciones y modalidad de las mismas, un año antes y después del programa. Participaron 94 pacientes; 52 hombres (55%), edad 64.4 ± 15.9 años; índice de masa corporal medio 28.60 ± 8.46 kg/m². El 50% presentaba obesidad. Recibían ventilación mecánica domiciliaria 80 participantes (85%); no invasiva en 77 casos e invasiva en tres (4%). En un año de seguimiento fueron re-admitidos al hospital 32 pacientes. Existieron diferencias significativas entre la tasa de internación global antes y después del programa (0.68 ± 0.47 vs. 0.42 ± 0.50 internaciones por caso), p 0.044, internaciones en terapia intensiva; 32 vs. 14, p 0.005 y días en UTI (12.9 ± 7.75 vs. 10.57 ± 7.5) p 0.048. La población a la que se ofreció ventilación mecánica domiciliaria presentó una elevada tasa de internaciones que se redujo mediante este modelo de seguimiento.


Home mechanical ventilation represents a standard of care in the insufficiency of the ventilatory pump. The follow-up model could change the hospitalization rate. In order to study hospitalizations in patients with home mechanical ventilation, a descriptive study was designed on a systematic collection database. Participants were patients with non-invasive ventilation or invasive mechanical ventilation consecutively included in a day hospital program between July 2014 and December 2016. Hospitalizations and their modality one year before and after the program were analyzed. Ninety four patients participated; 52 men (55%), age 64.4 ± 15.9 years; mean body mass index; 28.60 ± 8.46 kg/m²; 50% had obesity. Eighty patients (85%) received home mechanical ventilation; non-invasive in 77 cases and invasive in three (4%). Thirty two patients were re-admitted to the hospital in one year of follow-up. There were significant differences between the global admission rate before and after the program (0.68 ± 0.47 vs. 0.42 ± 0.50 hospitalizations per patient) p 0.044, intensive care unit hospitalizations; 32 vs. 14, p 0.005 and days in ICU (12.9 ± 7.75 vs. 10.57 ± 7.5) p 0.048. The population to whom home mechanical ventilation was offered had a high hospitalization rate that was reduced by this follow-up model.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data , Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data , Home Care Services/statistics & numerical data , Respiratory Insufficiency/physiopathology , Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy , Body Mass Index , Chronic Disease , Retrospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data
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